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AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution
ESB-2014.2035
Nordex NC2 XSS Vulnerability
4 November 2014
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AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary
---------------------------------
Product: Nordex NC2
Publisher: US-CERT
Operating System: Windows
Impact/Access: Cross-site Scripting -- Remote with User Interaction
Resolution: Patch/Upgrade
Original Bulletin:
https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-14-303-01
Comment: ICS-CERT has stated that there are publicly available exploits that
target this vulnerability.
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Advisory (ICSA-14-303-01)
Nordex NC2 XSS Vulnerability
Original release date: October 30, 2014
Legal Notice
All information products included in http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov are provided
"as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security
(DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information
contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service,
referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product
is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For
more information about TLP, see http://www.us-cert.gov/tlp/.
OVERVIEW
This advisory is a follow-up to the alert titled ICS-ALERT-13-304-01 Nordex
NC2 Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability that was published October 31, 2013, on
the NCCIC/ICS-CERT web site.
Independent researcher Darius Freamon identified a cross-site scripting
vulnerability in the Nordex Control 2 (NC2) application and released
proof-of-concept (exploit) code without coordination with ICS-CERT, the
vendor, or any other coordinating entity known to ICS-CERT.
This vulnerability could be exploited remotely.
Exploits that target this vulnerability are publicly available.
AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following Nordex NC2 versions are affected:
Nordex Control 2 (NC2) SCADA V16 and prior versions.
IMPACT
The reflected cross-site scripting attack may allow an attacker to execute
arbitrary script code in the users browser within the trust relationship
between their browser and the server.
Impact to individual organizations depends on many factors that are unique to
each organization. ICS-CERT recommends that organizations evaluate the impact
of this vulnerability based on their operational environment, architecture,
and product implementation.
BACKGROUND
Nordex is a company based in Germany that maintains offices in several
countries around the world, including the United States, Germany, Sweden,
Netherlands, France, Austria, Spain, China, Italy, and the United Kingdom.
The affected product, Nordex Control 2, is a web-based SCADA system for wind
power plants. According to Nordex, NC2 is deployed across the Energy sector.
Nordex estimates that this product is used primarily in the United States,
Europe, and China.
VULNERABILITY CHARACTERIZATION
VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
REFLECTED CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING [a]
The NC2 Wind Farm Portal contains a flaw that allows a reflected cross-site
scripting attack. This flaw exists because the application does not validate
the username parameter upon submission to the login script.
CVE-2014-5408 [b] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v2 base score
of 7.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P). [c]
VULNERABILITY DETAILS
EXPLOITABILITY
This vulnerability could be exploited remotely.
EXISTENCE OF EXPLOIT
Exploits that target this vulnerability are publicly available.
DIFFICULTY
An attacker with a low skill would be able to exploit this vulnerability.
MITIGATION
Nordex will release a patch for all affected NC2-SCADA versions until the end
of 2014. The patching of the NC2-SCADA system has to be done by Nordex.
Nordex will upgrade all wind farms with a valid service contract to the
patched version of the NC2-SCADA in coordination with normal maintenance
operations.
Owners of Nordex NC2-based wind farms without a valid service contract can
order the patch from Nordex by contacting their local Nordex service
organization.
ICS-CERT encourages asset owners to take additional defensive measures to
protect against this and other cybersecurity risks.
* Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems,
and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet.
* Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and
isolate them from the business network.
* When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual
Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and
should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize that
VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.
ICS-CERT also provides a section for control systems security recommended
practices on the ICS-CERT web page at:
http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/content/recommended-practices. Several recommended
practices are available for reading and download, including Improving
Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
ICS-CERT reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk
assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly
available in the ICSCERT Technical Information Paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies, that is available for download from the ICS-CERT web site
(http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/).
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their
established internal procedures and report their findings to ICS-CERT for
tracking and correlation against other incidents.
a. CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation
('Cross-site Scripting'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/79.html, web
site last accessed October 30, 2014.
b. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2014-5408,
NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will
be active sometime after publication of this advisory.
c. CVSS Calculator,
http://nvd.nist.gov/cvss.cfm?version=2&vector=AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P, web
site last accessed October 30, 2014.
Contact Information
For any questions related to this report, please contact ICS-CERT at:
Email: ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov
Toll Free: 1-877-776-7585
International Callers: (208) 526-0900
For industrial control systems security information and incident reporting:
http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov
ICS-CERT continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can
help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this
product.
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