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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 =========================================================================== AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution ESB-2016.0978 Ecava IntegraXor Vulnerabilities 18 April 2016 =========================================================================== AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary --------------------------------- Product: Ecava IntegraXor Publisher: ICS-CERT Operating System: Windows Impact/Access: Execute Arbitrary Code/Commands -- Remote/Unauthenticated Administrator Compromise -- Remote with User Interaction Access Privileged Data -- Remote/Unauthenticated Cross-site Scripting -- Remote with User Interaction Resolution: Patch/Upgrade CVE Names: CVE-2016-2306 CVE-2016-2305 CVE-2016-2304 CVE-2016-2303 CVE-2016-2302 CVE-2016-2301 CVE-2016-2300 CVE-2016-2299 Original Bulletin: https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-16-105-03 - --------------------------BEGIN INCLUDED TEXT-------------------- Advisory (ICSA-16-105-03) Ecava IntegraXor Vulnerabilities Original release date: April 14, 2016 | Last revised: April 15, 2016 Legal Notice All information products included in http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov are provided "as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service, referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For more information about TLP, see http://www.us-cert.gov/tlp/. OVERVIEW Independent security researcher Marcus Richerson and Steven Seeley of Source Incite, working with Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative, independently identified vulnerabilities in Ecava's IntegraXor application. Ecava has produced a new version to mitigate these vulnerabilities. Marcus Richerson has tested the new version to validate that it resolves all the vulnerabilities, except for one incomplete fix, which Ecava plans to fully address in an upcoming release. These vulnerabilities could be exploited remotely. Exploits that target these vulnerabilities are known to be publicly available. AFFECTED PRODUCTS The following Ecava IntegraXor versions are affected: IntegraXor, versions prior to Version 5.0, build 4522 IMPACT Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities may allow a remote attacker to gain full access to an affected system. Impact to individual organizations depends on many factors that are unique to each organization. NCCIC/ICS-CERT recommends that organizations evaluate the impact of these vulnerabilities based on their operational environment, architecture, and product implementation. BACKGROUND Ecava Sdn Bhd (Ecava) is a Malaysia-based software development company that provides the IntegraXor SCADA product. Ecava specializes in factory and process automation solutions. The affected product, IntegraXor, is a suite of tools used to create and run a web-based human-machine interface for a SCADA system. According to Ecava, IntegraXor is deployed across several sectors including Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Water and Wastewater Systems, and others. Ecava estimates that this product is used in multiple countries, with the largest installations based in the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, Poland, Canada, and Estonia. VULNERABILITY CHARACTERIZATION VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW CLEARTEXT TRANSMISSION OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION[a] IntegraXor HMI web server transmits unencrypted sensitive information. CVE-2016-2306[b] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).[c] CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING[d] The application is vulnerable to Document Model Object (DMO)-based cross-site scripting, which can be exploited by including malicious HTML and Javascript into the URL. If the HMI operator were using the SCADA application and were to click a specially crafted link or go to a malicious web site, then an attacker may be able to perform malicious functions on the SCADA software using Javascript. CVE-2016-2305[e] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 4.7 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N).[f] IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF ALTERNATE XSS SYNTAX[g] The application does not set the HTTPOnly flag on the session cookie, which may allow a remote attacker to steal the cookie and resend it to potentially log in as an administrative user. CVE-2016-2304[h] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.1 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N).[i] IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF CRLF SEQUENCES IN HTTP HEADERS[j] The IntegraXor HMI does not neutralize special elements in inputs. CVE-2016-2303[k] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).[l] IMPROPER AUTHORIZATION[m] The application does not properly check whether a user has authenticated prior to accessing some sensitive web pages. CVE-2016-2300[n] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).[o] SQL INJECTION[p] The application is vulnerable to unauthenticated SQL injection that may allow an attacker to remotely execute code in certain situations. CVE-2016-2299[q] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).[r] INFORMATION EXPOSURE[s] The application uses detailed error messages that could be used by an attacker to extract information that could be used in an attack. CVE-2016-2302[t] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).[u] SQL INJECTION[v] The application is vulnerable to authenticated SQL injection that may allow an attacker to extract information about the database and further exploit the application. CVE-2016-2301[w] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).[x] VULNERABILITY DETAILS EXPLOITABILITY These vulnerabilities could be exploited remotely. EXISTENCE OF EXPLOIT Exploits that target these vulnerabilities are publicly available. DIFFICULTY An attacker with a low skill would be able to exploit these vulnerabilities. MITIGATION Ecava has produced a new version that addresses the reported vulnerabilities, as well as some identified security risks, in Version 5.0, build 4522. Ecava has resolved the authenticated SQL injection associated with operator and supervisor accounts. Ecava is planning to address the remaining risk to administrative accounts in an upcoming release. Ecava's new version of the IntegraXor software, Version 5.0, build 4522 is available for download at the following link: http://www.integraxor.com/download/beta.msi?5.0.4525.2. Ecava recommends downloading the latest build to address the identified vulnerabilities. Ecava has released a vulnerability note, which is available at the following URL: http://www.integraxor.com/blog/category/security/vulnerability-note/. ICS-CERT recommends that users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Specifically, users should: Restrict administrative access to the minimum number of required users. Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet. Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and isolate them from the business network. When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize that VPN is only as secure as the connected devices. ICS-CERT reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures. ICS-CERT also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS-CERT web page at: http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/content/recommended-practices. Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies. Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available in the ICS-CERT Technical Information Paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies, that is available for download from the ICS-CERT web site (http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/). Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to ICS-CERT for tracking and correlation against other incidents. a. CWE-319: Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information, http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/319.html, web site last accessed April 14, 2016. b. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-2306, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. c. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S..., web site last accessed April 14, 2016. d. CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/79.html, web site last accessed April 14, 2016. e. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-2305, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. f. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S..., web site last accessed April 14, 2016. g. CWE-87: Improper Neutralization of Alternate XSS Syntax, http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/87.html, web site last accessed April 14, 2016. h. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-2304, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. i. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S..., web site last accessed April 14, 2016. j. CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Response Splitting'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/113.html, web site last accessed April 14, 2016. k. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-2303, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. l. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S..., web site last accessed April 14, 2016. m. CWE-285: Improper Authorization, http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/285.html, web site last accessed April 14, 2016. n. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-2300, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. o. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S..., web site last accessed April 14, 2016. p. CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/89.html, web site last accessed April 14, 2016. q. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-2299, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. r. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S..., web site last accessed April 14, 2016. s. CWE-200: Information Exposure, http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/200.html, web site last accessed April 14, 2016. t. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-2302, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. u. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S..., web site last accessed April 14, 2016. v. CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/89.html, web site last accessed April 14, 2016. w. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-2301, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. x. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S..., web site last accessed April 14, 2016. Contact Information For any questions related to this report, please contact ICS-CERT at: Email: ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov Toll Free: 1-877-776-7585 International Callers: (208) 526-0900 For industrial control systems security information and incident reporting: http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov ICS-CERT continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product. - --------------------------END INCLUDED TEXT-------------------- You have received this e-mail bulletin as a result of your organisation's registration with AusCERT. The mailing list you are subscribed to is maintained within your organisation, so if you do not wish to continue receiving these bulletins you should contact your local IT manager. If you do not know who that is, please send an email to auscert@auscert.org.au and we will forward your request to the appropriate person. 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If you have any questions or need further information, please contact them directly. Previous advisories and external security bulletins can be retrieved from: http://www.auscert.org.au/render.html?cid=1980 =========================================================================== Australian Computer Emergency Response Team The University of Queensland Brisbane Qld 4072 Internet Email: auscert@auscert.org.au Facsimile: (07) 3365 7031 Telephone: (07) 3365 4417 (International: +61 7 3365 4417) AusCERT personnel answer during Queensland business hours which are GMT+10:00 (AEST). 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