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===========================================================================
             AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution

                               ESB-2016.1375
                        ABB PCM600 Vulnerabilities
                                1 June 2016

===========================================================================

        AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary
        ---------------------------------

Product:           ABB PCM600
Publisher:         ICS-CERT
Operating System:  Windows
Impact/Access:     Access Privileged Data -- Console/Physical
Resolution:        Patch/Upgrade
CVE Names:         CVE-2016-4527 CVE-2016-4524 CVE-2016-4516
                   CVE-2016-4511  

Original Bulletin: 
   https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-16-152-02

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Advisory (ICSA-16-152-02)

ABB PCM600 Vulnerabilities

Original release date: May 31, 2016

Legal Notice

All information products included in http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov are provided
"as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security 
(DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information 
contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service, 
referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product
is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For 
more information about TLP, see http://www.us-cert.gov/tlp/.

OVERVIEW

ABB has identified one use of password hash with insufficient computational 
effort and three insufficiently protected credentials vulnerabilities in ABBs
PCM600. These vulnerabilities were reported directly to ABB by Ilya Karpov 
from Positive Technologies. ABB has produced a new version to mitigate these 
vulnerabilities.

AFFECTED PRODUCTS

ABB reports that the vulnerabilities affect the following products:

    PCM600 up to and including Version 2.6

IMPACT

An attacker who successfully exploits these vulnerabilities could edit the 
main application or gain access to PCM600 or connected devices.

Impact to individual organizations depends on many factors that are unique to
each organization. NCCIC/ICS-CERT recommends that organizations evaluate the 
impact of these vulnerabilities based on their operational environment, 
architecture, and product implementation.

BACKGROUND

ABB is a Switzerland-based company that maintains offices in several countries
around the world.

The affected product, PCM600, is a protection and control IED manager. 
According to ABB, PCM600s are deployed in the Energy sector. ABB estimates 
that this product is used worldwide.

VULNERABILITY CHARACTERIZATION

VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

USE OF PASSWORD HASH WITH INSUFFICIENT COMPUTATIONAL EFFORT [a]

The main application password in the ACTConfig configuration file is hashed 
with a weak hashing function. In order to exploit the vulnerability, the 
attacker needs to have local access to the PC running PCM600.

CVE-2016-4511 [b] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score 
of 2.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is 
(AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N). [c]

INSUFFICIENTLY PROTECTED CREDENTIALS [d]

The main application password is stored insecurely after being changed. In 
order to exploit the vulnerability, the attacker needs to have local access to
the PC running PCM600.

CVE-2016-4516 [e] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score 
of 2.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is 
(AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N). [f]

INSUFFICIENTLY PROTECTED CREDENTIALS [g]

OPC Server IEC61850 authentication passwords are temporarily stored 
insecurely. In order to exploit the vulnerability, the attacker needs to have
local access to the PC running PCM600.

CVE-2016-4524 [h] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score 
of 4.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is 
(AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:L). [i]

INSUFFICIENTLY PROTECTED CREDENTIALS [j]

PCM600 authentication credentials are stored insecurely. In order to exploit 
the vulnerability, the attacker needs to have local access to the PC running 
PCM600. The access control in PCM600 needs to be active.

CVE-2016-4527 [k] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score 
of 2.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is 
(AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N). [l]

VULNERABILITY DETAILS

EXPLOITABILITY

These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely and cannot be exploited 
without user interaction.

EXISTENCE OF EXPLOIT

No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.

DIFFICULTY

An attacker with a low skill would be able to exploit these vulnerabilities.

MITIGATION

ABB has corrected the problems in PCM600 Version 2.7. ABB recommends that 
users apply the update at earliest convenience.

ABB recommends using the following security practices and firewall 
configurations to help protect process control networks from attacks that 
originate from outside the network.

Physically protect control systems from direct access by unauthorized 
personnel.

Do not allow direct connections from control systems to the Internet.

Separate control systems from other networks by deploying a firewall that has
a minimal number of ports exposed.

Do not use process control systems for Internet surfing, instant messaging, or
receiving emails.

Carefully scan portable computers and removable storage media for viruses 
before they are connected to a control system.

ABB provides more information on recommended practices in 1MRS758440, 
Protection and Control IED Manager PCM600 Cyber Security Deployment Guideline,
which can be found at the following location:

http://search.abb.com/library/Download.aspx?DocumentID=1MRS758440&Action=Launch
(link is external)

ICS-CERT recommends that users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Specifically, users should:

When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private 
Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be
updated to the most current version available. Also recognize that VPN is only
as secure as the connected devices.

ICS-CERT reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk 
assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

ICS-CERT also provides a section for control systems security recommended 
practices on the ICS-CERT web page at: 
http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/content/recommended-practices. Several recommended
practices are available for reading and download, including Improving 
Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly 
available in the ICSCERT Technical Information Paper, 
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation 
Strategies, that is available for download from the ICS-CERT web site 
(http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/).

Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their 
established internal procedures and report their findings to ICS-CERT for 
tracking and correlation against other incidents.

In addition, ICS-CERT recommends that users take the following measures to 
protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

Do not click web links or open unsolicited attachments in email messages.

Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams [m] for more information on 
avoiding email scams.

Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks [n] for more 
information on social engineering attacks.

a. CWE-916: Use of Password Hash With Insufficient Computational Effort, 
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/916.html, web site last accessed May 31,
2016.

b. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-4511, NIST 
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be 
active sometime after publication of this advisory.

c. CVSS Calculator, 
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S..., 
web site last accessed May 31, 2016.

d. CWE-522: Insufficiently Protected Credentials, 
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/522.html, web site last accessed May 31,
2016.

e. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-4516, NIST 
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be 
active sometime after publication of this advisory.

f. CVSS Calculator, 
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S..., 
web site last accessed May 31, 2016.

g. CWE-522: Insufficiently Protected Credentials, 
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/522.html, web site last accessed May 31,
2016.

h. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-4524, NIST 
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be 
active sometime after publication of this advisory.

i. CVSS Calculator, 
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S..., 
web site last accessed May 31, 2016.

j. CWE-522: Insufficiently Protected Credentials, 
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/522.html, web site last accessed May 31,
2016.

k. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-4527, NIST 
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be 
active sometime after publication of this advisory.

l. CVSS Calculator, 
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S..., 
web site last accessed May 31, 2016.

m. Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams, 
http://www.us-cert.gov/reading_room/emailscams_0905.pdf, web site last 
accessed May 31, 2016.

n. National Cyber Alert System Cyber Security Tip ST04-014, 
http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/tips/ST04-014.html, web site last accessed May 31,
2016.

Contact Information

For any questions related to this report, please contact ICS-CERT at:

Email: ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov (link sends e-mail)

Toll Free: 1-877-776-7585

International Callers: (208) 526-0900

For industrial control systems security information and incident reporting: 
http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov

ICS-CERT continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can 
help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this 
product.

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