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AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution
ESB-2016.2033
Moxa OnCell Vulnerabilities
24 August 2016
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AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary
---------------------------------
Product: Moxa OnCell
Publisher: ICS-CERT
Operating System: Network Appliance
Impact/Access: Access Privileged Data -- Existing Account
Reduced Security -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Resolution: Patch/Upgrade
CVE Names: CVE-2016-5812 CVE-2016-5799
Original Bulletin:
http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-16-236-01
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Advisory (ICSA-16-236-01)
Moxa OnCell Vulnerabilities
Original release date: August 23, 2016
Legal Notice
All information products included in http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov are provided
"as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security
(DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information
contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service,
referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product
is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For
more information about TLP, see http://www.us-cert.gov/tlp/.
OVERVIEW
Independent researcher Maxim Rupp has identified several vulnerabilities in
Moxas OnCell products. Moxa has produced new firmware to mitigate these
vulnerabilities.
These vulnerabilities could be exploited remotely.
AFFECTED PRODUCTS
Moxa reports that the vulnerability affects the following products:
OnCell G3100V2 Series, editions prior to Version 2.8, and
OnCell G3111/G3151/G3211/G3251 Series, editions prior to Version 1.7
IMPACT
An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities to bypass authentication to
log in as a valid user.
Impact to individual organizations depends on many factors that are unique to
each organization. NCCIC/ICS-CERT recommends that organizations evaluate the
impact of these vulnerabilities based on their operational environment,
architecture, and product implementation.
BACKGROUND
Moxa is a Taiwan-based company that maintains offices in several countries
around the world, including the US, UK, India, Germany, France, China, Russia,
and Brazil.
The affected products, OnCell 31XX and 32XX series devices, are cellular IP
gateways that can connect serial or Ethernet devices to a cellular network.
According to Moxa, OnCell IP gateways are deployed across several sectors
including Commercial Facilities, Critical Manufacturing, Energy, and
Transportation Systems. Moxa estimates that these products are used primarily
in Asia and Europe.
VULNERABILITY CHARACTERIZATION
VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
IMPROPER RESTRICTION OF EXCESSIVE AUTHENTICATION ATTEMPTS [a]
An attacker can freely use brute force to determine parameters needed to
bypass authentication.
CVE-2016-5799 [b] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). [c]
PLAINTEXT STORAGE OF A PASSWORD [d]
A configuration file contains parameters that represent passwords in
plaintext.
CVE-2016-5812 [e] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 3.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N). [f]
VULNERABILITY DETAILS
EXPLOITABILITY
These vulnerabilities could be exploited remotely.
EXISTENCE OF EXPLOIT
No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.
DIFFICULTY
An attacker with a low skill would be able to exploit these vulnerabilities.
MITIGATION
Moxa has made firmware fixes available on their web site at the following
locations:
http://www.moxa.com/support/sarch_result.aspx?type=soft&prod_id=316&type_id=4
(link is external)
http://www.moxa.com/support/sarch_result.aspx?type=soft&prod_id=416&type_id=4
(link is external)
Moxa offers the following advice for upgrading firmware:
The OnCell G3111/G3151-HSPAs firmware can be upgraded though the web console,
serial console, or through OnCell Search Utility. However, Moxa recommends a
local (LAN) connection to the OnCell to minimize the risk of a broken
connection during the upgrade process. If you have made any changes to your
configuration, remember to save the configuration first before upgrading the
firmware. Any unsaved changes will be discarded when the firmware is upgraded.
To upgrade the firmware, simply browse to the location of the firmware on your
PC, and select Submit.
ICS-CERT recommends that users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Specifically, users should:
Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and
ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and
isolate them from the business network.
When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private
Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be
updated to the most current version available. Also recognize that VPN is only
as secure as the connected devices.
ICS-CERT reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk
assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
ICS-CERT also provides a section for control systems security recommended
practices on the ICS-CERT web page at:
http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/content/recommended-practices. Several recommended
practices are available for reading and download, including Improving
Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly
available in the ICSCERT Technical Information Paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies, that is available for download from the ICS-CERT web site
(http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/).
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their
established internal procedures and report their findings to ICS-CERT for
tracking and correlation against other incidents.
a. CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/307.html, web site last accessed August
23, 2016.
b. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-5799, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
c. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed August 23, 2016.
d. CWE-256: Plaintext Storage of a Password,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/256.html, web site last accessed August
23, 2016.
e. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-5812, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
f. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed August 23, 2016.
Contact Information
For any questions related to this report, please contact ICS-CERT at:
Email: ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov (link sends e-mail)
Toll Free: 1-877-776-7585
International Callers: (208) 526-0900
For industrial control systems security information and incident reporting:
http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov
ICS-CERT continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can
help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this
product.
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