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AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution
ESB-2018.2588
Advisory (ICSA-18-242-01)
31 August 2018
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AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary
---------------------------------
Product: Philips e-Alert Unit
Publisher: ICS-CERT
Operating System: Network Appliance
Impact/Access: Execute Arbitrary Code/Commands -- Remote with User Interaction
Access Privileged Data -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Cross-site Request Forgery -- Remote with User Interaction
Denial of Service -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Provide Misleading Information -- Remote with User Interaction
Unauthorised Access -- Existing Account
Resolution: Patch/Upgrade
CVE Names: CVE-2018-14803 CVE-2018-8856 CVE-2018-8854
CVE-2018-8852 CVE-2018-8850 CVE-2018-8848
CVE-2018-8846 CVE-2018-8844 CVE-2018-8842
Original Bulletin:
https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-18-242-01
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Advisory (ICSA-18-242-01)
Philips e-Alert Unit
Original release date: August 30, 2018
Legal Notice
All information products included in http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov are
provided "as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland
Security (DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any
information contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or
service, referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this
product is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header.
For more information about TLP, see http://www.us-cert.gov/tlp/.
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
o CVSS v3 9.8
o ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low skill level to exploit/exploitable from
within the same local subnet
o Vendor: Philips
o Equipment: Philips e-Alert Unit (non-medical device)
o Vulnerabilities: Improper Input Validation, Cross-site Scripting,
Information Exposure, Incorrect Default Permissions, Cleartext Transmission
of Sensitive Information, Cross-site Request Forgery, Session Fixation,
Resource Exhaustion, Use of Hard-coded Credentials.
2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation from an attacker within the same subnet may impact or
compromise user contact details, unit integrity, and/or unit availability. The
vulnerabilities may allow attackers to provide unexpected input into the
application, execute arbitrary code, display unit information, or potentially
cause e-Alert to crash.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following Philips e-Alert versions are affected:
o Version R2.1 and prior.
3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20
The software does not validate input properly, allowing an attacker to craft
the input in a form that is not expected by the rest of the application. This
would lead to parts of the unit receiving unintended input, which may result in
altered control flow, arbitrary control of a resource, or arbitrary code
execution.
CVE-2018-8850 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N).
3.2.2 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF INPUT DURING WEB PAGE GENERATION
('CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING') CWE-79
The software does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable
input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is then
served to other users.
CVE-2018-8846 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N).
3.2.3 INFORMATION EXPOSURE CWE-200
The Philips e-Alert contains a banner disclosure vulnerability that could allow
attackers to obtain extraneous product information, such as OS and software
components, via the HTTP response header that is normally not available to the
attacker, but might be useful information in an attack.
CVE-2018-14803 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).
3.2.4 INCORRECT DEFAULT PERMISSIONS CWE-276
The software, upon installation, sets incorrect permissions for an object that
exposes it to an unintended actor.
CVE-2018-8848 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N).
3.2.5 CLEARTEXT TRANSMISSION OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION CWE-319
The software transmits sensitive or security-critical data in cleartext in a
communication channel that can be sniffed by unauthorized actors. The Philips
e-Alert communication channel is not encrypted which could therefore lead to
disclosure of personal contact information and application login credentials
from within the same subnet.
CVE-2018-8842 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).
3.2.6 CROSS-SITE REQUEST FORGERY (CSRF) CWE-352
The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a
well-formed, valid, consistent request was intentionally provided by the user
who submitted the request.
CVE-2018-8844 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
6.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H).
3.2.7 SESSION FIXATION CWE-384
When authenticating a user or otherwise establishing a new user session, the
software gives an attacker the opportunity to steal authenticated sessions
without invalidating any existing session identifier.
CVE-2018-8852 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
6.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
3.2.8 UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION ('RESOURCE EXHAUSTION') CWE-400
The software does not properly restrict the size or amount of resources
requested or influenced by an actor, which can be used to consume more
resources than intended.
CVE-2018-8854 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
3.2.9 USE OF HARD-CODED CREDENTIALS CWE- 798
The software contains hard-coded cryptographic key, which it uses for
encryption of internal data.
CVE-2018-8856 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
3.3 BACKGROUND
o CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Healthcare and Public Health
o COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
o COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Netherlands
3.4 RESEARCHER
Philips reported these vulnerabilities to NCCIC.
4. MITIGATIONS
In June of 2018, Philips released Version R2.1 to remediate CWE-319, CWE-20,
CWE-798, and CWE-384. Philips has another product software update planned for
the end of 2018 that addresses CWE-400, CWE-79, CWE-276, CWE-200, and CWE-352.
Philips will communicate service options to all affected install-base users.
Please see the Philips product security website for the latest public security
information on this matter and for other Philips products:
https://www.philips.com/productsecurity
As an immediate mitigation to the vulnerabilities on the LAN until the update
can be applied, Philips recommends that users:
o Ensure that network security best practices are implemented, and
o Limit network access to e-Alert in accordance with product documentation.
Users with questions regarding their specific e-Alert installations should
contact their local Philips service support team or their regional e-Alert
service support. Contact information is available at the following location:
https://www.usa.philips.com/healthcare/solutions/customer-service-solutions
NCCIC recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:
o Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems,
and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet.
o Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and
isolate them from the business network.
o When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private
Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should
be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize that VPN
is only as secure as the connected devices.
NCCIC reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk
assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
NCCIC also provides a section for control systems security recommended
practices on the ICS-CERT web page. Several recommended practices are available
for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems
Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available
on the ICS-CERT website in the Technical Information Paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies.
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their
established internal procedures and report their findings to NCCIC for tracking
and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.
Contact Information
For any questions related to this report, please contact the NCCIC at:
Email: NCCICCUSTOMERSERVICE@hq.dhs.gov
Toll Free: 1-888-282-0870
For industrial control systems cybersecurity information:
http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov
or incident reporting: https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/Report-Incident
The NCCIC continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can
help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.
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