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AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution
ESB-2015.2713
Infinite Automation Systems Mango Automation Vulnerabilities
28 October 2015
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AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary
---------------------------------
Product: Infinite Automation Systems Mango Automation
Publisher: US-CERT
Operating System: Windows
UNIX variants (UNIX, Linux, OSX)
Impact/Access: Execute Arbitrary Code/Commands -- Existing Account
Create Arbitrary Files -- Existing Account
Cross-site Request Forgery -- Remote with User Interaction
Cross-site Scripting -- Remote with User Interaction
Access Confidential Data -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Resolution: Patch/Upgrade
CVE Names: CVE-2015-7904 CVE-2015-7903 CVE-2015-7902
CVE-2015-7901 CVE-2015-7900 CVE-2015-6494
CVE-2015-6493
Original Bulletin:
https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-15-300-02
Comment: US-CERT advises exploits that target these vulnerabilities are
publicly available.
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Advisory (ICSA-15-300-02)
Infinite Automation Systems Mango Automation Vulnerabilities
Original release date: October 27, 2015
Legal Notice
All information products included in http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov are provided
"as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security
(DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information
contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service,
referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product
is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For
more information about TLP, see http://www.us-cert.gov/tlp/.
OVERVIEW
Steven Seeley of Source Incite and Gjoko Krstic of Zero Science Lab have
independently identified vulnerabilities in the Infinite Automation Systems
Mango Automation application. Infinite Automation Systems has produced a new
version to mitigate these vulnerabilities. The researchers have tested the new
version to validate that it resolves the vulnerabilities except for the
Cross-site Request Forgery vulnerability.
These vulnerabilities could be exploited remotely. Exploits that target these
vulnerabilities are known to be publicly available.
AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following Mango Automation versions are affected:
Mango Automation, Version 2.5.0 through Version 2.6.0 beta (builds prior to
430).
IMPACT
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities may allow a remote attacker
to compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system.
Impact to individual organizations depends on many factors that are unique to
each organization. NCCIC/ICS-CERT recommends that organizations evaluate the
impact of these vulnerabilities based on their operational environment,
architecture, and product implementation.
BACKGROUND
Infinite Automation Systems is headquartered in Lafayette, Colorado.
The affected product, Mango Automation, is a centralized web-based SCADA/HMI
and data acquisition software. According to Infinite Automation Systems, Mango
Automation is deployed across several sectors including Commercial Facilities,
Critical Manufacturing, Food and Agriculture, and Energy. Infinite Automation
Systems estimates that these products are used worldwide.
VULNERABILITY CHARACTERIZATION
VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
UNRESTRICTED UPLOAD OF FILE WITH DANGEROUS TYPE[a]
Improper verification of uploaded image files allows arbitrary files to be
uploaded, which may allow for the execution of malicious JSP script files.
CVE-2015-7904[b] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 4.7 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).[c]
OS COMMAND INJECTION[d]
An authenticated user can issue any OS commands that are not properly
sanitized, which could allow for OS command injection and cross-site request
forgery attacks.
CVE-2015-7901[e] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 6.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).[f]
INFORMATION EXPOSURE THROUGH DEBUG INFORMATION[g]
Application has debugging enabled by default, which automatically updates a
publicly available status page when system exceptions occur with a description
of the exception and details about session attributes. An attacker could send
a malicious URL to a logged in user to instigate a system exception to gather
information about the logged in user.
CVE-2015-7900[h] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 4.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).[i]
SQL INJECTION[j]
The application does not verify SQL queries via HTTP requests, allowing the
issuance of arbitrary SQL commands.
CVE-2015-7903[k] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 4.7 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).[l]
CROSS-SITE REQUEST FORGERY[m]
The application does not verify HTTP requests.
CVE-2015-6493[n] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 6.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).[o]
CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING[p]
The application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input, which could
allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code in a user's browser.
CVE-2015-6494[q] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 4.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).[r]
RESPONSE DISCREPANCY INFORMATION EXPOSURE[s]
Error messages for failed logon attempts contain information that could be
used by an attacker.
CVE-2015-7902[t] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 5.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).[u]
VULNERABILITY DETAILS
EXPLOITABILITY
These vulnerabilities could be exploited remotely.
EXISTENCE OF EXPLOIT
Exploits that target these vulnerabilities are publicly available.
DIFFICULTY
An attacker with a low skill would be able to exploit these vulnerabilities.
MITIGATION
Infinite Automation Systems has released a new version of the Mango Automation
application, Version 2.6.0 (build 430), which addresses all but two of the
identified vulnerabilitiesOS Command Injection and Cross-site Request Forgery
vulnerabilities. Infinite Automation Systems is working to develop a new
version that addresses these remaining two vulnerabilities, which is expected
in December 2015.
Infinite Automation Systems offers the following interim mitigation for the
Cross-site Request Forgery vulnerability:
The REST API can be disabled by setting rest.enabled to false in the
env.properties file and restarting the Mango Automation software. Disabling
the REST API will disable the following features: User Administration, Brewers
Dashboard Module, Data Point Details, View Module, Excel Reports Module, and
Custom Dashboards Module.
Infinite Automation Systems new version of Mango Automation application,
Version 2.6.0 is available at the following location:
http://infiniteautomation.com/index.php/download (link is external)
ICS-CERT recommends that users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Specifically, users should:
Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and
ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet.
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and
isolate them from the business network.
When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private
Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be
updated to the most current version available. Also recognize that VPN is only
as secure as the connected devices.
ICS-CERT reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk
assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
ICS-CERT also provides a section for control systems security recommended
practices on the ICS-CERT web page at:
http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/content/recommended-practices. Several recommended
practices are available for reading and download, including Improving
Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly
available in the ICS-CERT Technical Information Paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies, that is available for download from the ICS-CERT web site
(http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/).
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their
established internal procedures and report their findings to ICS-CERT for
tracking and correlation against other incidents.
In addition, ICS-CERT recommends that users take the following measures to
protect themselves from social engineering attacks:
Do not click web links or open unsolicited attachments in email messages.
Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams[v] for more information on
avoiding email scams.
Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks[w] for more
information on social engineering attacks.
a. CWE-434: Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/434.html, web site last accessed October
27, 2015.
b. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2015-7904, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
c. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed October 27, 2015.
d. CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command
('OS Command Injection'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/78.html, web
site last accessed October 27, 2015.
e. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2015-7901, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
f. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed October 27, 2015.
g. CWE-215: Information Exposure Through Debug Information,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/215.html, web site last accessed October
27, 2015.
h. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2015-7900, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
i. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S...,
web site last accessed October 27, 2015
j. CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command
('SQL Injection'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/89.html, web site
last accessed October 27, 2015.
k. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2015-7903, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
l. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed October 27, 2015.
m. CWE-352: Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF),
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/352.html, web site last accessed October
27, 2015.
n. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2015-6493, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
o. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed October 27, 2015.
p. CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation
('Cross-site Scripting'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/79.html, web
site last accessed October 27, 2015.
q. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2015-6494, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
r. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed October 27, 2015.
s. CWE-204: Response Discrepancy Information Exposure,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/204.html, web site last accessed October
27, 2015.
t. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2015-7902, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
u. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed October 27, 2015.
v. Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams,
http://www.us-cert.gov/reading_room/emailscams_0905.pdf, web site last
accessed October 27, 2015.
w. National Cyber Alert System Cyber Security Tip ST04-014,
http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/tips/ST04-014.html, web site last accessed October
27, 2015.
Contact Information
For any questions related to this report, please contact ICS-CERT at:
Email: ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov (link sends e-mail)
Toll Free: 1-877-776-7585
International Callers: (208) 526-0900
For industrial control systems security information and incident reporting:
http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov
ICS-CERT continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can
help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this
product.
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